Land of Civilizations

Geography

Coast, mountains, plains, and desert together shape the Syrian landscape and way of life.

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Natural Regions

Syria includes Mediterranean coastlines, inland plains, mountain ranges, steppe zones, and eastern desert areas.

The Euphrates and Orontes basins historically supported agriculture, settlement patterns, and regional food production.

Major cities emerged around trade routes, rivers, and fertile corridors linking hinterland regions to coastal and cross-border economies.

Water stress, climate variability, land degradation, and infrastructure damage increase pressure on ecosystems and livelihoods.

See the diversity of landscapes, traditions, and local stories across Syria.